Figures on this site come from public sources, cited next to each number. When data is unavailable or withheld, we leave it out rather than estimate. We do not publish bond rates, because sureties price each account individually.
Sources
- Construction industry counts, employment, and payroll: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns 2023: construction (NAICS 23), commercial and institutional building construction (NAICS 236220), and heavy and civil engineering construction (NAICS 237).
- Residential construction activity: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual state estimates.
- Housing age and building type: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020–2024 (tables B25024, B25035).
- Population: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 city population estimates. In-depth city guides cover the largest cities in each state with complete Census data.
- Bond laws: the federal Miller Act (40 U.S.C. §§ 3131–3134) and state statutes named on each state page.
Bond explanations
Guides describe how contract surety commonly works. Bond forms, indemnity agreements, and underwriting vary by surety and project, and the executed bond controls. Nothing here is legal or accounting advice. A quote is not a binder.
Updates
Pages show a last-updated date. Last reviewed October 15, 2026.